Introduction
Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple, located in Kottayam district of Kerala, is one of the most revered Shiva temples in South India. The temple is not only a spiritual haven for devotees but also a cultural landmark, deeply embedded in the religious fabric of Kerala. One of the most significant festivals celebrated here is the Ratholsavam, or the chariot festival, which is an annual event attracting thousands of devotees and tourists alike. This grand festival is a mesmerizing display of devotion, tradition, and cultural vibrancy, making it a must-experience event for anyone interested in the rich heritage of Kerala.
Historical Significance of Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple
The Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple is believed to have been established in the 16th century, although the exact origins are shrouded in legend and mythology. The temple is renowned for its stunning Dravidian architecture, intricate wood carvings, and the famous mural paintings that adorn its walls, particularly the painting of Nataraja on the inner walls of the temple. The deity here is Lord Shiva, worshipped in the form of a Swayambhu Lingam, which is believed to have manifested itself.
The temple has a unique sanctity and is mentioned in several ancient texts, including the 13th-century Sanskrit work ‘Udaya Kaladyam.’ The temple is also known for its association with the legendary sage Vyaghrapada, who is believed to have worshipped Lord Shiva here.
Ratholsavam: The Festival of the Chariot
The Ratholsavam at Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple is a grand spectacle that embodies the cultural and spiritual ethos of Kerala. The festival usually takes place in the Malayalam month of Kumbham (February-March) and is part of the annual Utsavam (temple festival) that spans ten days. Ratholsavam is celebrated on the eighth day of the festival, known as ‘Ezhunnallathu.’
Preparations for the Ratholsavam
The preparations for Ratholsavam begin well in advance, with the temple premises being adorned with vibrant decorations, lights, and flowers. The highlight of the festival is the elaborately decorated wooden chariot, or ‘Ratham,’ which is painstakingly prepared by skilled artisans. The chariot is adorned with colorful fabrics, flowers, and lights, transforming it into a divine vehicle that is believed to carry the presence of Lord Shiva.
The temple authorities, along with the local community, play an integral role in the preparations, ensuring that every aspect of the festival is meticulously organized. Traditional musicians and drummers are also brought in to add to the festive atmosphere.
The Procession
On the day of Ratholsavam, the idol of Lord Shiva, along with those of other deities, is placed on the chariot. The chariot is then pulled by thousands of devotees through the streets surrounding the temple, accompanied by the chanting of hymns, the rhythmic beats of drums, and the melodious notes of traditional instruments like the ‘nadaswaram’ and ‘chenda.’ The air is thick with devotion as the chariot makes its way through the throng of devotees, who seek blessings from the Lord.
The procession is a sight to behold, with the chariot moving majestically through the streets, symbolizing the journey of the divine through the world. Devotees often break coconuts and light camphor as offerings, adding to the sanctity of the event.
Rituals and Offerings
The Ratholsavam is not just a procession but a deeply spiritual event, marked by various rituals and offerings. The day begins with the ‘Ganapati Homam,’ a fire ritual invoking Lord Ganesha’s blessings for a successful and obstacle-free festival. This is followed by special ‘Abhishekam’ (ritual bathing) of the deities with sacred substances like milk, honey, and sandalwood paste.
Devotees also offer ‘Neyyappam’ (a traditional sweet made of rice flour and jaggery), coconuts, and flowers to the deities. The temple priests chant Vedic hymns and perform ‘Aarti’ (a ritual of waving lighted lamps) to the deities, seeking their blessings for prosperity and well-being.
The Cultural Extravaganza
The Ratholsavam is not just a religious event but also a cultural celebration. The temple premises and the surrounding areas come alive with various cultural performances, including traditional dance forms like Kathakali, Mohiniyattam, and Thiruvathira. These performances are usually held in the evenings and continue late into the night, providing a feast for the eyes and the soul.
The festival also features classical music performances, including vocal and instrumental recitals by renowned artists. The combination of spirituality and culture makes the Ratholsavam a truly holistic experience.
Conclusion
The Ratholsavam at Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple is a celebration that transcends the boundaries of religion and culture. It is an event where devotion meets tradition, and spirituality merges with cultural expression. The festival not only strengthens the bond between the devotees and the divine but also serves as a reminder of Kerala’s rich cultural heritage.
For anyone looking to immerse themselves in the spiritual and cultural essence of Kerala, the Ratholsavam at Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple is an experience that should not be missed. Whether you are a devotee seeking blessings or a traveler exploring the cultural landscapes of India, this festival offers something for everyone.
Visiting the Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple during Ratholsavam is a journey into the heart of Kerala’s spiritual and cultural heritage—a journey that leaves an indelible mark on the soul.
