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Introduction
The Parshvanatha Temple stands as the most exquisitely decorated Jain temple in the UNESCO World Heritage site of Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh. Dedicated to Lord Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism, this temple is an outstanding example of the refined artistry and spiritual devotion of the Chandela period.
Constructed between 950 and 970 CE during the reign of King Dhanga of the Chandela dynasty, the temple originally honored Lord Adinatha and was later rededicated to Lord Parshvanatha. It remains a living shrine, revered by Jain devotees to this day.
What sets the Parshvanatha Temple apart is its extraordinary sculptural detailing, which rivals even the more famous Hindu temples of Khajuraho in terms of craftsmanship. The outer walls are richly adorned with an astonishing array of sculptures, not only of Jain Tirthankaras and Yakshas, but also of graceful surasundaris (celestial maidens), mythical beings, musicians, and scenes from everyday life. These intricate carvings reflect a harmonious blend of religious and secular themes, revealing the inclusive aesthetic of the period.
Despite being a Jain temple, the structure follows the Nagara style of temple architecture that dominates Khajuraho, with a sanctum, vestibule, mandapa, and richly decorated ceilings. A beautiful idol of Lord Parshvanatha, enshrined in the sanctum, forms the spiritual heart of the temple. The idol is flanked by figures of attendants and celestial guardians, enhancing its divine aura.
The Parshvanatha Temple is not only a masterpiece of religious architecture but also a cultural bridge between Jain and mainstream artistic traditions of 10th-century central India. It is a must-visit site for pilgrims, heritage lovers, and connoisseurs of Indian art, offering a deeply enriching experience that transcends religious boundaries.